NCLEX Legal, Ethical, Cultural and Nursing Law Practice Exam - RNpedia (2023)

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1. The best explanation of what Title VI of the Civil Rights Act requires is liberty:

1. Choose any doctor and insurance company, regardless of income
2. Receive free medical services in your country of residence when needed
3. Have equal access to all health services, regardless of race or religion.
4. Get basic care with a tiered payment plan from all healthcare centers

2. Which statement would best explain the nurse's role in planning care for a culturally diverse population? The nurse plans the care:

1. Care that is culturally congruent with the team according to certain criteria
2. Focus only on the client's needs and ignore the caregiver's beliefs and practices
3. Combine caregiver values ​​that are in the best interests of the client and minimize the client's individual values ​​and beliefs during care.
4. Provide care by being aware of your own bias and focusing on individual client needs rather than team practices.

3. What factor isat leastrelevant during the assessment in gathering information about cultural practices?

1. language, time
2. touch, eye contact
3. biocultural needs
4. Pain perception, management expectations

4. Cross-cultural nursing involves:

1. Use a comparative cultural study to understand the similarities and differences between human groups in order to provide specific, individualized and culturally appropriate care
2. Working in another culture to practice nursing within its borders
3. Combining all cultural beliefs into one practice that is a non-threatening approach to minimizing cultural barriers to treating all clients equally.
4. Ignoring all cultural differences to provide the best overall service to all customers.

5. What should the caregiver do when planning to care for a client from a different culture? The nurse must:

1. Allow the family to assume care during hospitalization so that rituals and customs are not broken.
2. Identify how these cultural variables affect the health issue
3. Speak slowly and show pictures to ensure the customer always understands you
4. Explain how the client must adjust to hospital routines to receive effective care during their stay

6. What activity is not expected of the nurse to meet the client's cultural needs?

1. Encourage and support attitudes, behaviors, knowledge, and skills to respectfully meet the client's cultural needs, despite the caregiver's own beliefs and practices.
2. Make sure the interpreter understands not only the client's language, but also the feelings and attitudes behind cultural practices to ensure an ethical balance can be achieved.
3. Develop a structure and process for addressing cultural needs and resources on a regular basis to avoid neglecting these needs with clients.
4. Expect the family to have an interpreter available at all times to assist with communication needs during the day and night during the hospital stay.

7. The codes of ethics for the professional practice of nursing in a clinical context are governed by the code of conduct, which is written as follows:

1. Ethikkodex da American Nurses Association (ANA).
2. Nursing Practice Act (NPA) written by the state legislature
3. Specialized Standards of Care in Practice
4. Good Samaritan Laws for Civil Policy

8. A bioethical problem should be described as follows:

1. The physician makes all client management decisions without receiving any input from the client.
2. A research project that involved treating all white men, rather than all black men, to compare the results of a specific drug therapy.
3. Withholding food and treatment at the client's request in a written advance directive before the client has sustained permanent brain damage as a result of an accident.
4. After the client gives his permission, the doctor relays all the information to the family to help them treat the client.

9. When the nurse described the client as "that bad old man from the year 354", what ethical dilemma did the nurse present?

1. gender bias and age discrimination
2. HIPPA violation
3. charity
4. Violation of the Code of Ethics

10. Assigning nurses to “greatest need” areas during periods of nursing shortages is an example of:

1. utilitarian theory
2. Deontological Theory
3. Justice
4. charity

11. Nurses are subject to various laws. Which description of a legal type is correct?

1. Statutory law is created by elected legislators, such as B. the state legislature that defines the Nursing Practice Act (NPA).
2. Statutory law includes preventing harm to the public and punishing violations of law.
3. Common law protects the rights of individuals within society to be treated fairly and equally.
4. Criminal law creates bodies that issue rules and regulations to control society.

12. In addition to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JACHO), what government agency regulates hospitals so that they can continue to provide safe services, receive government funding, and impose penalties if guidelines are not followed?

1. Nursing Examining Board (BNE)
2. Nursing Practice Act (NPA)
3. American Nurses Association (ANA)
4. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

13. If a client becomes confused, left alone with the side rails down and the bed raised, he will fall and break his hip. What law was violated?

1. attack
2. Drums
3. negligence
4. civil offense

14. If you sign a form as a witness, your signature shows that the customer:

1. You are fully informed and aware of all consequences.
2. I was awake and wide awake and not on narcotics.
3. He was able to freely sign without pressure
4. You signed this form and the witness saw it done

15. What are the necessary criteria for someone to consent to a procedure?

1. A designated guardianship
2. unemancipated minor
3. At least 21 years of age or older
4. A defender of a child

16. Which statement is correct?

1. Consent for medical treatment can be given by a minor with a sexually transmitted disease (STD).
2. A second-trimester abortion can be performed without government involvement.
3. Nursing students cannot be prosecuted for misconduct during a clinical nursing class.
4. Nurses who get sick during a shift and leave don't disappoint customers by calling the manager and leaving a message about their emergency illness.

17. Most hospital disputes come from:

1. Nurse leaves clients at lunchtime
2. Nurse after incomplete or incorrect order
3. The nurse documents the physician's fault when an error is made.
4. Manager watches as a new employee assesses their skill level

18. The nurse applies an aquathermia pad to a client with a muscle strain. The nurse informs the client that the pad must be removed within 30 minutes. Why does the nurse come back in 30 minutes to remove the pad?

1. Reflex vasoconstriction occurs.
2. Reflex vasodilation occurs.
3. A systemic reaction occurs.
4. A local reaction occurs.

19. Recently, a client learned that he had terminal cancer. When the nurse enters the room, she yells, "My balls are cold and I'm tired of noisy nurses interrupting my sleep!" The nurse can interpret the client's behavior as:

1. An expression of the death rage stage.
2. An expression of underprivileged sadness.
3. The result of loss of maturity.
4. The result of previous defeats.

20. When helping a person in the grieving process, the caregiver knows:

1. Coping mechanisms that were effective in the past are often ignored in response to grieving the loss.
2. A person's perception of a loss has little to do with the grieving process.
3. The sequence of stages of grief can be sequential, skipped or repeated.
4. Most customers want to be left alone.

21. A customer is hospitalized with terminal cancer. His family is sitting next to his bed. What can the nurse do to better serve the family at this time?

1. Limit the length of time visitors stay so they don't get overwhelmed by the situation.
2. Avoid sharing the client's real condition with family members, so they don't lose hope.
3. Discourage spiritual practices as this will have little connection with the client at this point.
4. Find simple, family-appropriate care activities for the family to do.

22. When caring for a terminally ill patient, it is important for the nurse to respect the patient's dignity. This can be facilitated by:

1. Take time to let clients share their life experiences.
2. Less emphasis on paying attention to how customers look because that just adds to the fatigue.
3. Make decisions for customers so they don't have to
4. Locate the client in a private space to ensure privacy at all times

23. According to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, what are the stages of death?

1. Amazing; longing and searching; disorganization and despair; and reorganization.
2. Accept the reality of the loss, process the pain of grief, adjust to the environment without the deceased, and emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life.
3. Anticipated grief, perceived loss, actual loss, and renewal.
4. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.

24. Mourning can be defined as:

1. The emotional response to loss.
2. The external and social expression of loss.
3. Postponement of awareness of the reality of the loss.
4. The survivor's inner feeling and outer reactions.

25. A client who had a "Do Not Resuscitate" order died. After ensuring there is no pulse or breathing, the caregiver should:

1. Let the relatives say goodbye to the deceased.
2. Call the transplant team to retrieve vital organs.
3. Remove all tubes and equipment (unless organ donation is being done), clean the body and place it in the proper position.
4. Call the undertaker to come pick up the body.

26. A family member of a client tells the nurse: “The doctor said he's going to do palliative care. What does that mean?" The nurse's best answer is:

1. "Palliative care is provided to those who have less than 6 months to live."
2. "Palliative care aims to alleviate or reduce the symptoms of an illness."
3. “The aim of palliative care is to achieve a cure for a serious illness or disease.”
4. “Palliative care means that the patient and family take on a more passive role and the physician focuses on the patient's physiological needs. The place of death will likely occur in the hospital."

27. Which of the following is not included in assessing the strength of a client's equity?

1. sexual gender
2. cultural
3. ethnicity
4. Religion

28. When caring for patients from different cultural backgrounds, it is essential that the nurse recognizes:

1. Cultural considerations must be set aside when basic needs are at risk.
2. Generalizations about the behavior of any particular group may be inaccurate.
3. Current health standards must determine acceptance of cultural practices.
4. Similar stress reactions occur when people come from the same cultural background.

29. In order to respect the client's personal space and territoriality, the caregiver must:

1. Avoid using touch
2. Explain care and procedures.
3. Keep the curtains closed around the client's bed.
4. Stay eight feet from the bed if possible.

30. To accommodate different ethnic needs, the caregiver should:

1. Treat all customers equally.
2. Be aware of cultural differences among customers.
3. Act as if you are comfortable with the customer's behavior.
4. Avoid asking questions about the client's cultural background.

31. The most important factor in serving customers from a specific ethnic group is:

1. Communication
2. temporal orientation
3. biological variation
4. environmental control

32. A health problem often becomes an ethical dilemma because:

1. The client's statutory rights coexist with an obligation of healthcare professionals.
2. Decisions must be made quickly, often under stressful conditions.
3. Decisions must be made based on value systems.
4. The decisions involved do not appear to be clearly right or wrong.

33. A document that lists medical treatment that a person refuses when unable to make decisions is:

1. Durable power of attorney
2. acceptance letter
3. living will
4. advanced directives

34. Which statement about an institutional ethics committee is correct?

1. The Ethics Committee is an additional resource for clients and healthcare professionals.
2. The ethics committee releases healthcare professionals from dealing with ethical issues.
3. The ethics committee would be the first option to face an ethical dilemma.
4. The ethics committee replaces the decision-making of the client and the health professional.

35. The nurse works with the parents of a seriously ill newborn. Surgery was suggested for the baby, but the chances of success are unclear. To help parents resolve this ethical conflict, the caregiver knows that the first step is:

1. Exploring sensible approaches
2. Compilation of all available information about the situation.
3. Clarification of values ​​related to the cause of the dilemma.
4. Identify the people who can solve the difficulty.

36. Miss Mary, an 88-year-old woman, believes that life should not be prolonged when hope is gone. You've decided you don't want to take any extraordinary measures when your life comes to an end. Because she felt this way, she discussed her wishes with her daughter, wrote a living will, and left instructions with the doctor. This is an example of:

1. confirm a value
2. Selection of a value
3. appreciation
4. reflect a value

37. The scope of nursing practice is legally defined by:

1. State nurses practice acts
2. Professional Care Organizations
3. Hospital Policies and Procedures Manuals
4. Doctors in employment institutions

38. A future nurse hired as a nursing assistant can perform any role that:

1. learned at school
2. They are expected from a nurse at this level.
3. They are marked in the job description.
4. It requires technical, not professional, skill.

39. A confused customer who fell out of bed because the siderails were not used is an example of what type of liability?

1. crime
2. attack
3. Drums
4. negligence

40. The nurse puts a bondage vest on a client without the client's permission and physician's orders. The nurse may be guilty of:

1. attack
2. Drums
3. privacy violation
4. negligence

41. In a situation where there are not enough staff to provide competent care, the caregiver should:

1. organize a strike
2. Inform customers of the situation.
3. reject the request
4. Accept the assignment, but submit a written objection to management.

42. Which statement about loss is correct?

1. Loss is only experienced when something valuable is missing.
2. The more the individual invested in what he lost, the less the feeling of loss.
3. The loss can be maturational, situational, or both.
4. The level of stress experienced is unrelated to the type of loss.

43. Try Questionable and Experimental Forms of Therapy What stage of death is behavior shaped by?

1. zorn
2. Depression
3. Negotiate
4. adoption

44. All of the following are vital needs of the dying patient, except:

1. pain control
2. preservation of dignity and self-esteem
3. love and belonging
4. Freedom of choice

45. Cultural awareness is a deep self-examination of oneself:

1. Background, Recognition of biases and prejudices.
2. Social, cultural and biophysical factors
3. Participate in cross-cultural interactions
4. Motivation and commitment to care.

46.​​Cultural competence is the process of:

1. Discover different cultures
2. Acquisition of specific knowledge, skills and attitudes
3. Influencing the treatment and attention of customers.
4. Motivation and commitment to care.

47. Ethnocentrism is at the root of:

1. prejudices and prejudices
2. Meanings that people use to make sense of their experiences.
3. Cultural Beliefs
4. Individualism and autonomy in achieving and maintaining health.

48. In challenging one's own prejudices:

1. discrimination occurs
2. Sufficient comparative knowledge of different groups is acquired.
3. The provision of culturally congruent care is assured.
4. People think/know you're stupid because you're prejudiced.

49. The dominant value orientation in American society is:

1. Use of rituals that symbolize the supernatural.
2. Group dependency and interdependence
3. Healing with an emphasis on naturalistic modalities
4. Individualism and autonomy in achieving and maintaining health.

50. Illustrate the differences in health outcomes between rich and poor: a (an)

1. Illness attributed to natural, impersonal, and biological forces.
2. Creation of own interpretations and descriptions of biological and psychological dysfunctions.
3. Influence of socioeconomic factors on morbidity and mortality.
4. Combination of naturalistic, religious and supernatural modalities.

51. Culture strongly influences the expression of pain and the need for analgesics. However, the cultural pain:

1. It may be suffered by a client whose precious way of life is ignored by practitioners.
2. It is more intense and therefore requires more medication.
3. Does not express itself verbally or physically
4. It is only expressed to others of the same culture.

52. The prevailing values ​​in American society of individual autonomy and self-determination:

1. They rarely have an impact on other cultures.
2. Have implications for health care
3. Can make admission to a palliative care program difficult
4. May be in direct conflict with various groups.

53. In the United States, access to health care is generally dependent on the client's ability to pay for health care, either through insurance or cash. The client the nurse looks after needs a liver transplant to survive. This client has been unemployed for several months and does not have insurance or enough money. A discussion of the ethics of this situation would primarily involve the principle:

1. Responsibility because as a caregiver you are responsible for the well-being of that patient.
2. Respect for autonomy, because the autonomy of this client is violated if he does not receive a liver transplant.
3. Ethics of care because the care that a nurse could provide to this patient is a resource for a liver transplant.
4. Justice, because the first and biggest issue in this situation is how to determine the fair distribution of resources.

54. The Code of Ethics for Nurses is prepared and published by:

1. The National Nursing League
2. American Nurses Association dies
3. The American Medical Association dies
4. The National Institutes of Health, Division of Nursing.

55. Nurses are committed to advocating for their patients. Advocacy practice encourages the caregiver to:

1. In conflict situations, contact the person responsible for the nursing service
2. Work to understand the law as it applies to the client's medical condition.
3. Assess the customer's point of view and be prepared to articulate that point of view.
4. Document any clinical changes in the medical record in a timely manner.

56. A successful ethical discussion depends on people having a clear sense of personal values. When many people share the same values, it may be possible to identify a philosophy of utilitarianism that proposes the following:

1. The worth of people is determined solely by the leaders of the Unitarian Church.
2. The decision to have a lover's transplant depends on a measure of the moral life the client has lived to date.
3. The best way to find a solution to an ethical dilemma is to refer the case to the treating physician.
4. The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society.

57. The philosophy sometimes referred to as the Nursing Code of Ethics suggests that ethical dilemmas are best resolved by addressing:

1. Relations
2. ethical principles
3. customers
4. Code of Ethics for Nurses.

58. In most ethical dilemmas, resolution of the dilemma requires negotiation between members of the healthcare team. The caregiver perspective is valuable because:

1. Nurses have a legal license that encourages their presence in ethical discussions.
2. The principle of autonomy guides all participants to respect their own value.
3. Nurses develop a relationship with the client that is unique among all healthcare professionals.
4. The Nursing Code of Ethics recommends that the nurse be present in all ethical discussions regarding patient care.

59. Ethical dilemmas often arise from a conflict of opinions. Once the nurse has established that the dilemma is ethical, a crucial first step in resolving the disagreement would be to:

1. Consult with a professional ethics specialist to ensure that the process steps are completed.
2. Gather all relevant information about the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma.
3. List the ethical principles that inform the dilemma so that negotiations agree with the language of the discussion.
4. Make sure the treating physician has requested an ethics consultation to support the ethics process.

60. The Laws of Nursing Practice are an example of:

1. legal right
2. common law
3. Civil right
4. criminal law

61. The scope of nursing practice, the educational requirements established for nurses, and the distinction between medical and nursing practice are defined by:

1. legal right
2. common law
3. Civil right
4. nursing practice

62. The client's right to refuse treatment is an example of:

1. legal right
2. common law
3. civil laws
4. nursing practice

63. Although the caregiver may obtain the client's signature on a form, obtaining informed consent is the responsibility of:

1. Client
2. doctor
3. nurse in training
4. Auxiliary nurse.

64. The caregiver has a duty to comply with the doctor's order, unless:

1. The order is a verbal order.
2. The prescription is illegible.
3. The order was not transcribed.
4. The request is incorrect, violates hospital policy, or would be harmful to the customer.

65. The nursing theorist who developed cross-cultural nursing theory is

1. Doroteia Orem
2. Madeleine Leininger
3. betty neumann
4. Sr. Calista Roy

answers and justifications

1. C.
2. D. Without understanding one's own beliefs and values, a caregiver's bias or preconceived notions can create an unexpected conflict or area of ​​neglect in a client's care plan (who may have completely different expectations of care). During the assessment, the caregiver should identify values, beliefs, and practices and use these as a guide to identify caregiver decisions to address that client's specific needs/outcomes. Therefore, the identification of values, beliefs and practices allows the planning of meaningful and beneficial care specifically for that client.
3. C.Cultural practices do not affect biocultural needs because they are innate risks related to a biological need rather than a learned cultural belief or practice.
4. AN.Cross-cultural nursing means that by understanding and learning about specific cultural practices, the caregiver can incorporate these practices into the plan of care for a specific individual client who shares the same beliefs or practices to address the client's needs holistically.
5. B. Without assessing and identifying cultural needs, the caregiver cannot begin to understand how these may affect the health issue or care management.
6. D. It is not the responsibility of the family to assist in the communication process. Many families sometimes leave someone to help, but it is the hospital's legal obligation to find an interpreter for a better understanding of the client to ensure that the client is fully informed and understands in their native language.
7. AN. This set of ethical principles represents the professional guidelines established by the ANA to maintain the highest standards of ideal conduct in practice. As a profession, the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for each nurse's accountability and responsibilities within the practice environment.
8. B. The ethical problem was unequal treatment based solely on racial differences. Second, the drug was deliberately withheld even after results showed that the drug had cured the disease process in white men for many years. So, after many years, despite the result of the research process showing that the drug was effective in fighting the disease at the beginning of the research project, black men were still not treated. So the damage was done. Security, veracity, and justice were not followed.
9. AN. Stereotyping an "old man" as "bad" is gender bias and an age issue. The nurse verbalizes a negative description of the client.
10. C. Justice is defined as the fair distribution of resources. However, guidelines have been established for a hierarchy of needs, for example in organ transplantation. Nurses are reassigned to areas of greatest need when floors become congested. No floor is understaffed, and another five-staff floor gives up two to help the unstaffed floor.
11. AN. Statutory law is created by the legislature. It creates statutes such as the NPA, which define the nurse's role and performance expectations, and explains what is contraindicated as guidelines for violating these norms.
12. D. If the hospital does not follow ADA guidelines for accommodating special needs, the facility loses funding and low-income loan or expense reimbursement status. The ADA protects the civil rights of people with disabilities. This applies to both hospital customers and hospital staff. Privacy concerns for people who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been a problem related to obtaining information when hospital staff have been exposed to dirty chopsticks. The ADA gives the infected customer the right to decide whether or not to disclose this information.
13. C. Knowing what to do to avoid injuries is one of the standards of care that caregivers must follow. Safety guidelines call for raising the siderails, staying with the client, lowering the bed and observing the client until the area is safe. As a nurse, you know that these activities are basic safety precautions that prevent injury, and if you don't do them, you are not acting safely. Negligence is conduct that fails to meet a standard of care that protects others from an unreasonable risk of harm.
14. D. Your signature as a witness only indicates that the person who signed the form was the person named in the case.
15. AN. A guardian has been appointed by a court and is fully entitled to choose custody.
16. AN. Anyone, of any age, can be treated for an STD infection without parental permission. The client is “recommended” to engage with their sexual partners, but is not “required” to provide names. Parental consent is not required under applicable data protection laws.
17. B. The caretaker is responsible for clearing up any illegible, unreasonable, unsafe or incorrect requests. The fact that the nurse does not consult the doctor to obtain a prescription creates an area of ​​responsibility for the nurse, since this is perceived as a medical act and not as the nurse's attribution when prescribing. Some RNs have mandatory privileges based on advanced degrees and certifications. Therefore, the caregiver who is unable to correct the order must document that the physician was called and a clarification or new order was issued to correct the unclear or illegible order currently on file. Phone calls, follow-up care, and lack of follow-up care by the physician should also be documented if there are problems getting the information in a timely manner. The caregiver must clearly indicate the course of a situation when conflicts or doubts arise about inappropriate orders or procedures. Customer status assessments and documentation should also be included where there is a potential risk of damage. To demonstrate compliance with hospital policy responsibilities, the human resources chain contact must also be explicitly indicated.
18. AN. When heat is applied for 1 hour or more, blood flow is reduced by reflex vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction is the opposite of the desired effect of heat application.
19. AN. In the rage phase of Kubler-Ross death phases, the individual resists the loss and may lash out at anyone and anything, in this case the nurse.
20. C. Grief manifests itself in many ways that are unique to an individual and are based on personal experiences, cultural expectations, and spiritual beliefs. The sequence of grief stages or behaviors may occur sequentially, may be skipped, or may repeat. The time it takes to grieve also varies from person to person.
21. D. It is helpful for the caregiver to find simple care activities that the family can do, such as B. feeding the client, washing the client's face, combing the client's hair, and completing the client's meal plan. This helps the family show their interest in the client and allows the client to feel their closeness and concern. an. Older adults often feel particularly lonely at night and may feel more secure if a family member stays by their bedside at night. The nurse must allow visitors to remain with terminally ill patients at any time if requested by the client. It is up to the family to determine if they are feeling overwhelmed, not the nurse.
22. AN. Spending time with clients to share their life experiences allows the nurse to get to know clients better. Knowing the client facilitates the selection of therapies that encourage decision-making and client autonomy, thus promoting their self-esteem and dignity.
23. D.
24. D.
25. C. The body of the deceased must be prepared before the family comes in to see it and say goodbye. This includes removing all appliances, hoses, supplies, and soiled bedding per protocol, bathing the client, applying clean sheets, and removing trash from the room.
26. B. The objective of palliative care is the prevention, mitigation, relief or alleviation of symptoms or disorders without achieving a cure.
27. AN.
28. B.
29. B.
30. B.
31. AN.
32. D.
33. D.
34. AN.
35. B.
36. C.
37. AN.
38. C.
39. D.
40. B.
41. D.
42. C.
43. C.
44. D.
45. AN.Cultural awareness is an in-depth examination of a person's background, recognizing biases and prejudices and assumptions about other people.
46. B.Cultural competence is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills and attitudes that ensure culturally congruent care.
47. AN.
48. AN.
49. D.
50. C.Differences in health outcomes between rich and poor illustrate the influence of socioeconomic factors on morbidity and mortality. Social factors such as poverty and lack of universal health insurance affect the health of the poor and unemployed.
51. AN.Caregivers need not assume that pain relief is valued equally across all groups. A client whose cherished lifestyle is ignored by professionals may experience cultural distress.
52. D. The dominant value of individual autonomy and self-determination in American society may be in direct conflict with many groups. Living wills, consent forms, and palliative care consents are examples of mandates that go against client values.
53. D.Justice refers to fairness. Health care providers agree to fight for equity in health care. The term is often used in feature discussions. Decisions about who should receive available organs are always difficult.
54. B.The ANA has established widely recognized codes that nursing professionals seek to follow.
55. C. Nurses strengthen their ability to advocate for a client when they can identify personal values ​​and then accurately identify the client's values ​​and articulate the client's point of view.
56. D. A utilitarian system of ethics proposes that the value of a thing is determined by its usefulness.
57. AN. The ethics of care examines the concept of care as a core activity of human behavior. Writers on the ethics of care advocate a more woman-centered theory based on understanding relationships, particularly personal narratives.
58. C. When ethical dilemmas arise, the nurse's point of view is unique and critical. The caretaker typically interacts with customers for longer periods of time than other students.
59. B. Each step in processing an ethical dilemma resembles the steps in critical thinking. The caregiver begins by collecting information and proceeds through assessment, problem identification, planning, implementation and evaluation.
60. AN.
61. D.
62. B.
63. B.
64. D.
65. B.Madeleine Leininger developed the theory of cross-cultural theory based on her observations of the behavior of selected people within a culture.